In FY2017-18, JSW Energy further consolidated its leadership position in the Indian power sector by de-risking its business and strengthening its balance sheet. This has now created a sound platform for pursuing the various growth opportunities that the Company has embarked upon.
A part of the JSW Group, the Company is engaged in power generation, power transmission, mining, power trading and equipment manufacturing. It has operational generation capacity of 4,531 MW spread over the States of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh besides transmission assets in Maharashtra and mining assets in Rajasthan in joint ventures.
According to the World Bank, Global GDP growth is estimated to have picked up from 2.4% in 2016 to 3.1% in 2017, which is an improvement over the earlier forecast of 2.7% for 2017. The forces shaping global growth in the year 2017 - those operating over short-term and those operating over long-term - point to a gradual recovery on account of the slow but steady normalisation of macroeconomic conditions in several emerging markets that had been experiencing deep recessions.
The broad-based recovery in 2017 was aided by a rebound in investment and trade against the backdrop of benign financing conditions, generally accommodative policies, improved confidence, and the dissipating impact of the earlier commodity price collapse. World Bank expects global GDP growth rate to sustain at 3.1% in 2018 led by generally robust conditions even though manufacturing and trade activity have seen some softening in recent months. Growth in advanced economies is expected to moderate slightly to 2.2% in 2018 from 2.3% in 2017, as central banks gradually remove their post-crisis accommodation and the upturn in investment growth stabilises. Growth in emerging market and developing economies as a whole is projected to strengthen to 4.5% in 2018 from 4.3% in 2017, as activity in commodity export continues to recover amid firming prices.
However, post 2018, global growth is expected to edge down gradually to 2.9% in 2020 as global slack dissipates, trade and investment moderates, and financing conditions tighten. The global outlook is still subject to substantial downside risks, including the possibility of financial stress, increased protectionism, and rising geopolitical tensions. Industries particularly need to keep a lookout for longer-term risks and challenges associated with subdued productivity and potential growth. Focus should now turn to the structural policies needed to boost longer-term productivity and living standards.
According to World Bank, growth in the East Asia and the Pacific region is forecasted to slip to 6.3% in 2018 from an estimated 6.6% in 2017. A structural slowdown in China is seen offsetting a modest cyclical pickup in the rest of the region. In South Asia, growth is expected to pick up to 6.9% in 2018, up from 6.6% in 2017 led by India which is estimated to clock GDP growth of 7.3% in 2018 (6.7% in 2017).
The 2017-18 economic survey of the Indian government indicates that the worst is behind for the Indian economy. The first half of FY2017-18 was adversely impacted by the lingering after effects of demonetisation and teething problems with GST introduction. However, growth picked up in later half as the effects of these factors receded and Indian exports were boosted by global economic pick up. Sentiment received a boost with India’s rank in terms of 'Ease of Doing Business' accorded by World Bank rising sharply by 30 spots. India’s sovereign rating was also upgraded from Baa3 to Baa2 by Moody’s in November 2017 citing India’s continued progress on economic and institutional reforms over time which is expected to enhance India’s growth potential. This was the first such rating upgrade by Moody’s in the last 14 years.
The survey expects GDP growth rate to pick up to 7.0%-7.5% in FY19, up from an estimate of 6.75% for FY18 led by the structural policy reforms undertaken by the Government of India. The country is also likely to benefit from the resolution of financially stressed assets under the aegis of the Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC) going forward. The downside risks to India’s growth are trade protectionism, spike in crude oil prices and tighter global monetary conditions.
Global Perspective
As per the BP Energy Outlook 2018, growth in global coal consumption in 2017 slowed sharply relative to the past, with falls in China and OECD offset by increasing demand in India and other emerging Asian economies.
Going forward, as per the BP Energy Outlook 2018, global coal demand is expected to be flat, in sharp contrast to the past 25 years, during which coal was the largest source of energy growth. Much of the slowdown is driven by China, where coal consumption is estimated to be broadly flat over the next 10 years or so, before declining thereafter. The country has been steadily moving towards cleaner, lower-carbon fuels as an alternative to coal. Despite this, China remains the world’s largest market for coal, and is expected to account for 40% of global coal demand in 2040.
Coal demand within the OECD is projected to decline going forward, largely driven by environmental policies, except in the US where the availability of low-cost natural gas is the main factor driving out coal. In contrast, coal demand within India and other emerging Asian economies is expected to increase, as the fuel continues to industrialise and electrify their economies. India is the largest growth market for coal, with its share of global coal demand estimated to increase by more than double from a little over 10% in 2016 to around a quarter by 2040.
Indian Perspective
India used approximately 902 million tonnes (MT) of coal in FY2017-18 (Source: CARE Ratings, dated May 15, 2018). The domestic coal production was 689 MT and the balance 213 MT was imported. For FY2017-18, the total offtake of Coal India Limited (CIL) was 580.3 MT, a growth of 6.8% over FY2016-17 offtake. However, this was below the target of 600 MT. Production for FY2017-18 was 567.4 MT which represented a sluggish growth of 2.4% over FY2016-17 levels. The supply to power sector was 454.3 MT in FY2017-18, a growth of 6.8% Y-o-Y. Going forward, Coal India targets to achieve production of 1 billion tonnes by 2020. However, considering the current growth trajectory this target appears to be stretched.
Indian Power Sector
Power is one of the most essential components of infrastructure crucial for economic growth and welfare of a nation like India. Both renewable and conventional sources of fuel have a role to play in sustaining the country’s growth story. Coal continues to remain the backbone of the power sector and the economy in general, chiefly due to its contribution to total power sector and the multiplier effect it has on the economy. At the same time, coal-based plants have been facing a number of challenges including shortage of domestic coal for private sector players and rise in imported coal prices since the lows of end 2015. Weak financial health of power distribution companies hinders power offtake. This situation is further impaired by rampant power theft and poor distribution infrastructure in the country.
Electricity demand in the country has been increasing gradually and is expected to rise further in the years to come. In order to meet the escalating demand, power capacity addition accelerated recording a CAGR of 10% from FY2011-12 to FY2016-17 exceeding the targets set in for this period. The average annual capacity addition during this period was about 25 GW. However, FY2017-18 has seen a sharp decline in the pace of capacity addition which fell to 17.2 GW, a decline of ~31% Y-o-Y.
In FY2017-18, net capacity addition was 17.2 GW, a decline of ~31% Y-o-Y. Renewable energy sector continued to drive the capacity addition with 11.8 GW, however it fell short of 20.2 GW target for this fiscal.
Installed Capacity as on 31st March, 2018
About 80% or 9.4 GW of this RE capacity addition was contributed by solar power. Wind power capacity addition saw a 67% Y-o-Y decline to 1.8 GW. Net thermal capacity addition was down from 7.7 GW last fiscal to 4.6 GW this year. Hydropower capacity increased by only 0.8 GW. Nuclear power saw no capacity addition.
Sector-wise capacity addition was led by private sector at 12.9 GW (mainly in RE segment), followed by central sector at 4.3 GW, and state sector at merely 0.01 GW (mainly in thermal segment). In this fiscal, 2.5 GW capacity was retired, 0.25 GW was de-rated and 1.3 GW capacity changed its status from IPP to CPP.
At the end of March 2018, overall installed capacity stood at 344 GW. In this period, share of coal-based capacity saw a decline from 59% to 57%. Nuclear power remained at 2%. Share of hydro power decreased marginally to 13%. Solar power increased its share from 4% to 6% while wind power stayed at 10%.
FY2017-18 witnessed a robust growth in total power generation at 5.4% Y-o-Y. All India generation stood at 1,308 BUs, up from 1,242 BUs last fiscal. Power generated from thermal segment, which accounts for 80% of the total generation, registered a 4.3% Y-o-Y growth while nuclear and import from Bhutan together saw a decline of about 1%. Hydro power generation saw a modest growth at 3.1%. Renewable energy segment contributed 8% to overall generation with a strong growth rate of 24.9%.
Slowdown in new thermal capacity addition and recovery in demand growth led to improvement in overall thermal PLF from 59.8% to 60.7% this fiscal. However, supply side constraints due to lower availability of coal in H2-FY2017-18 and rise in share of generation from RE segment had an adverse effect on private sector PLFs.
India Demand and Supply Position in FY 2017-18
Total power demand in India grew at 6.2% Y-o-Y in FY18 with growth rate picking up every quarter. While significant, this growth did come against a relatively low base last fiscal, when demand grew at just 2.6% Y-o-Y. Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh were the major contributors to this uptick in demand.
South region, which grew fastest in FY17, was the only region to witness slowdown in growth from last fiscal. North-east region saw the highest growth at 7.1% Y-o-Y, while North and West registered 6.5% Y-o-Y growth each. South saw a modest growth at 4.8% Y-o-Y.
Cumulative deficits rose by 13% Y-o-Y to 8.6 BUs this fiscal. Deficit increased in North by 10% Y-o-Y. Other regions also witnessed increase in deficit but on a lower base. Peak deficit in FY18 rose 27% Y-o-Y to ~3.3 GW.
Indian Merchant Power Market
The merchant market staged a recovery in spot power prices in FY2017-18, underpinned by growing power demand coupled with slowdown in thermal capacity addition and shortage in domestic coal supply. The average Market Clearing Price (MCP) at Indian Energy Exchange (IEX) rose 35% Y-o-Y to ` 3.26/kWh in FY2017-18.
Average Monthly Merchant Tariff
(`/kWh)
a) National Electricity Plan
The CEA has published the National Electricity Plan in January 2018, which expects power demand to grow at healthy CAGR of 6.2% in the 13th five year plan (FY2018- 22). The plan expects the total installed capacity to reach 479.4 GW by the end of FY2021-22. This includes the thermal capacity of around 243 GW, Hydro capacity of 51.3 GW, Nuclear capacity of 10 GW and rest contributed by the Renewable segment.
b) UDAY
Under the UDAY scheme for revival of DISCOMs, announced in November 2015, concerted efforts over the last two fiscals have resulted in parameters such as debt restructuring and feeder metering showing relatively better performance, while parameters such as AT&C losses, revenue gap, and smart metering are currently lagging. The scheme has already addressed 86% of targeted bond issuance as at the end of FY18. As per the provisional data for March 2018, in the last two years, post UDAY: (1) State distribution (discom) losses witnessed a massive 70% reduction to ` 173.5 billion (2) AT&C (technical & commercial) losses went down to 19% from 24% but below target of 17.7% and (3) the gap between ACS & ARR (cost & tariff rate) reduced by 57% to ` 0.24 per unit (kwh).
Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Puducherry and Goa are a few major states/UTs that have missed the target for curbing AT&C losses.
c) SAUBHAGYA
In September 2017, the Government of India launched a new household electrification scheme, 'Saubhaya' (short for The Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana) to achieve electrification of all eligible/willing households, both urban and rural. Under this scheme, free electricity connections are provided to below poverty line (BPL) households, while other households have to pay ` 500 for the connection. The total outlay of the scheme was pegged at ` 163 billion, with rural share of ` 140 bn and urban share of ` 23 billion. The funding is largely from Government of India to the various States/UTs who will be implementing this scheme. The target is electrification of around 37 mn households by 31st December 31, 2018. Post the launch of the scheme, government has currently electrified about 20.2% of the targeted households. Government expects to create 28,000 MW and additional energy of 80 BU (6.6% of overall demand) through this scheme.
India’s thermal power capacity has been hit hard due to shortage of domestic coal supply in the recent past. This is primarily evident in the private sector where plant load factors have been declining for the past two consecutive years. The supply side was largely constrained due to inadequate mining and transport infrastructure to support the increasing coal demand. Logistics hurdles will continue to impact the sector in the near-term; however, projects to improve rail connectivity and rake availability currently under implementation are expected to alleviate this in the medium to long-term. Another challenge grappling the sector is lack of new power purchase agreements for private thermal players.
Over the past 12-15 months, average global coal prices have witnessed a sharp increase attributable to strong Asian demand and tight supplies. Given, about one-fourth of India’s installed capacity is either partially or fully dependent on imported coal, rising coal prices will impact the viability of these plants.
Since July 2017, merchant market tariffs have been on an upward trend, on account of demand-supply mismatches, mainly stemming from unavailability of domestic coal and transport infrastructure issues.
In the renewable energy space, threat of imposition of import duty on solar modules have hampered bidding activity for solar energy projects. Nevertheless, tariffs discovered during bidding have remained below ` 3/ kWh. The sharp decline in tariffs is adversely impacting the economics of renewable projects. The challenge of maintaining stability of the power grid also accompanies incremental renewable energy capacity installations.
A number of power sector projects, primarily in thermal segment, are showing stress while many have turned nonperforming assets for the financial sector and are undergoing resolution. About 11.7 GW thermal capacity is impacted by under-recovery due to procedural delays towards change in Law mechanism, further exacerbated by stretched receivables from Discoms. Absence of domestic coal linkage and long-term Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) have adversely affected projects of ~19.7 GW capacity. The sector is laden with about ` 1.8 lakh crore in outstanding debt. Several stressed power assets are likely to be subject to resolution under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 going forward.
Outlook
Indian power demand growth picked up sharply to 6.1% in FY2017-18 from a meagre 2.6% growth in FY2016-17.
The 2018 Union Budget proposals are also pro-growth with focus on rural development and infrastructure. The government has outlined ~21% Y-o-Y increase in funds for infrastructure in FY19. Led by this and the various reforms, including GST, Indian GDP growth is likely to remain buoyant in the short to medium-term.
Over the next 3 to 5 years, we expect power demand to grow
steadily considering the expected pick up in GDP growth
and the various macroeconomic reforms and measures
taken by the government
– steady operational improvement
under UDAY Scheme, ‘Power
for All by 2019’ initiative and the
‘Saubhagya’ scheme,
to name a few.
With limited capacity addition, which is likely to be significantly below targets, PLFs may firm up over the medium to long-term. This may also provide more visibility on signing of new long-term PPAs. We are also likely to see consolidation in the power sector in this phase which will further aid the demand-supply balancing. However, higher coal prices and constrained availability of coal, especially for private sector power plants, continue to remain key concerns to watch for.
The Government of India has released its roadmap to achieve 175 GW capacity in renewable energy by 2022, which includes 100 GW of solar power and 60 GW of wind power. The Union Government of India is preparing a ‘rent a roof’ policy for supporting its target of generating 40 GW of power through solar rooftop projects by 2022.
Hydro Policy
India’s hydro capacity potential, as assessed by Central Electricity Authority (CEA), is about 149 GW. Out of this about 35% or close to 52 GW is operational/ under construction. In the coming months, the government plans to announce a new hydro policy for reviving the sector. The key proposals under draft New Hydro Policy 2017 include reclassifying all hydro energy projects under renewable energy segment, introducing Hydro Power Obligation (HPO) benefit to projects attaining commercial operation (COD) within a specified period and providing 4% interest subvention during construction for up to 7 years and for 3 years after the start of COD to all hydro power projects above 25 MW. The cumulative cost of the scheme adds up to ` 16,709 crore for supporting 40 stalled hydro energy projects with 11,639 MW capacity.
The state of Himachal Pradesh constitutes close to onefourth of India’s total hydel power capacity. Its harnessable power potential lies second to the state of Arunachal Pradesh in the country, at approximately 19 GW, of which 62% or 11.6 GW is operational / under construction. The state in the month of May 2018 amended its Hydro Power policy which will boost execution of 737 stalled projects with total capacity of about 5.1 GW. Furthermore, it will facilitate allotment of 300 new projects aggregating to about 2.2 GW. These amendments defer 12% free power obligation during the first 12 years to later periods in the allotted projects. Power from projects with capacity upto 10 MW will be mandatorily purchased by the state Discom. Also, wheeling/open access charges will not be levied on projects upto 25 MW capacity.
Renewable Energy (RE)
With the vision to provide clean and affordable energy to all, the Government of India (GoI) has set an ambitious target of 175 GW power from renewable energy (RE) sources by 2022. The cumulative investment in renewable energy in the last four years surpassed USD 42 billion. Coupled with policy and regulatory support, this has enabled creation of a favourable energy ecosystem for project developers, generators, investors, consumers and the entire nation.
Solar energy has been at the forefront of RE capacity growth. In the recent past, global solar PV module prices have seen a declining trend and panel efficiencies have continued to improve with advancements in technology. The falling capital costs and hence lower cost of generation, is providing impetus to installation of solar power projects. At the end of FY2017-18, the total installed solar capacity stood at about 22.32 GW comprising ground mounted (20.58 GW), roof top (1.06 GW) and off-grid SPV systems (0.67 GW). India is aiming to add about 40 GW from large scale installation in solar parks. Over 26 GW of capacity has been sanctioned for 41 solar parks in 21 states.
To meet the impending demand for solar panels, the government has introduced various supportive policies and schemes. In line with the ‘Make in India’ mission, the GoI in May 2018 issued a tender for setting up solar PV cell and module manufacturing capacities linked with assured offtake of 20 GW. This development will spur domestic manufacturing industry and promote commercialisation of solar PV technologies.
The launch of International Solar Alliance (ISA) in March 2018 was a momentous achievement for India. Headquartered in India, ISA has set a target to achieve 1 Tera-watt of solar energy capacity by 2030 by bringing 121 sun-rich nations under the alliance. The five programmes of action selected by ISA include rural and decentralised applications, access to affordable finance, establishment of mini-grids, rooftop installations and solar e-mobility.
Infrastructure challenges such as grid-instability and power evacuation arise with booming renewable energy sector. To mitigate these, total investments of ` 10,141 crores are being incurred by state governments for building transmission lines (9,400 ckms) and sub-stations (approximately 19,000 MVA) under the National Green Corridor Program, set to complete by March 2020.
Electric Vehicle, Energy Storage and Charging Infrastructure
The Indian automobile industry is at the dawn of a new era. The time is ripe for an industry transformation to battery operated Electric Vehicles (EV). India aims to achieve 30% 0new sales from EV segment by 2030 to ensure energy security, reduce its import bill, curb its greenhouse gas emissions and move towards a clean and sustainable future for mobility.
With a USD 70 billion market, Indian automobile industry is one of the largest in the world and accounts for about 6% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In FY2017- 18, the industry produced and domestically sold about 29 million (including 2 and 3 wheelers; Source: SIAM) and 25 million vehicles respectively, and over 4 million vehicles were exported. The passenger and commercial vehicle segments produced over 4 million and 0.9 million vehicles respectively. EV is gradually picking up in demand starting with public transport electric buses followed by commercial and passenger cars. Shared mobility has already disrupted the Indian market and stands to gain plentiful from lower TCO (total cost of ownership) of electric vehicles.
It is expected that EV will have a lower total cost than ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) vehicles by 2023-2025. This will be achieved by battery technology enhancement and economies of scale benefits, while ICE vehicles will be forced to continue adding cost in order to meet stringent emission and safety requirements. The Company’s entry into the EV business at this stage will properly position it to play a key role in the Indian automobile industry.
In addition, supply side stimulus by State and Central governments in the form of public policies and schemes on Electric Vehicle manufacturing, such as incentives linked to land, labour and environmental clearances, tax exemptions and capital schemes like soft loan are providing stimulus to domestic automobile manufacturers as well as suppliers. On the demand side these include direct consumer subsidies, waiver of registration fees, road tax, parking charges and GST (goods and service tax) refunds. Parallel to EV production, a key requisite is a robust EV infrastructure. In April 2018, the government announced that setting-up charging stations for electric vehicles will not require any license under the provisions of Electricity Act, 2003. This will facilitate faster adoption of charging infrastructure across the country.
Investments are also needed for developing robust R&D facilities for vehicle, battery technology and energy storage. Accelerating innovation will help bringing better operating efficiency. The energy storage systems industry is at a nascent stage in India but sees wide potential for deployment across telecom, grid applications, power generation, electric vehicles and other commercial & industrial applications.
The Government has also been focusing on creating impetus for large-scale transformation of conventional passenger vehicles into electric vehicles (EVs). The centre is concentrating on creating an enabling framework for EVs. Such initiatives are expected to open new avenues of growth for auto industry.
Company Overview
JSW Energy Limited is an India-based integrated power Company primarily engaged in generation and sale of power. The Company either by itself or through its subsidiaries/ joint ventures/ associates is engaged in power generation, power transmission, mining, power trading and equipment manufacturing. JSW Energy operates 4,531 MW (Thermal – 3,140 MW and Hydel – 1,391 MW) of power generation capacity with long-term vision to achieve 10,000 MW in power generation capacity. In less than a decade of its operations the Company has crossed several milestones working on power solutions in the States of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh. The Company’s strategic approach aims at presence in multiple geographic locations, having a diversified fuel source, prudent power off-take arrangements with a resolute commitment to sustainable business practices and inclusive growth.
Competitive Advantages
Efficient Operating Assets
JSW Energy has boasted of the best run thermal power
plants in India on a consistent basis. The Company’s prudent
governance and benchmark O&M practice has resulted in
consistently higher PLFs vis-à-vis average PLFs of other
private players.
Efficient Capital Allocation
The Company has been able to efficiently allocate capital and
set up capacities at lower cost than industry peers. This has
been accomplished by leveraging upon JSW Energy’ strong
project execution and project management expertise.
Robust Balance Sheet
A strong balance-sheet, proven operational efficiency and
stable cash flow provides a strong competitive advantage
to capture market opportunities without excessive risk.
Future Growth Strategies
1) Inorganic Growth Strategies
The power sector is reeling under a consolidation wave. Following the notification issued by Reserve Bank of India dated 12th February, 2018 on resolution of stressed assets, many of these assets are likely to come under the purview of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code in due course, thereby providing attractive acquisition opportunities to the Company. To ensure that the Company continues to deliver a lucrative return to its shareholders, the opportunity assessment framework involves key parameters such as security and proximity of fuel supply from domestic sources and visibility on power offtake by long-term power purchase agreements.
2) Solar Energy Business
JSW Energy has decided to venture in RE sector with a focus on solar energy. The Company’s twopronged strategy includes setting-up: (a) solar power generation plants, and (b) solar PV module manufacturing capacities.
Solar Power Generation:
In FY2018-19, the Company intends to set up solar power systems encompassing ground mounted, rooftop and floating based technologies. These are low gestation and high return projects and would establish a strong presence for JSW Energy in the renewable energy segment while staying away from the ferocious competitive dynamics of bid-out solar projects.
Solar Panel Manufacturing
Synergistic with the solar generation facilities, the Company intend to establish its presence in PV module manufacturing facilities. However, the capital allocation decision would be arrived post evaluating the risk-return dynamics carefully.
3) Electric Vehicles, Storage Battery and Charging Infrastructure
JSW Energy has decided to enter into Electric Vehicle (EV) manufacturing and the associated businesses of manufacture of electrical battery/storage systems and charging infrastructure. The Company plans to enter both passenger and commercial vehicle segments. Facilities for energy storage systems will be set-up parallel to vehicle production. The charging infrastructure business would be adjacent to the Company’s existing business and also has deep synergies with the EV and energy storage segments.
Various steps have been taken in this direction by the Company in the past year: a dedicated team has been formed for strategy and product development, MoUs have been signed with two state Governments for setting-up manufacturing capacities and discussions are also progressing with various technology and design engineering partners for suitable tie-ups.
JSW Energy aims to build a product portfolio, tailored for the Indian market. The products will encompass features from the best of the worlds – a state of the art styling, robust engineering development work aligned with global standards, and the latest technology into electrification. The Company aim to introduce this innovative concept through global styling and engineering service providers, albeit competitively priced considering the price conscious Indian markets.
In addition, the Company will establish an Industrial Manufacturing Complex, encompassing all key shops like, press, body, painting, general assembly, and battery. The implementation will take into account the lean manufacturing concept, aligned to meet the Indian market demand, as well as potential future export needs.
By combining the best of the product and manufacturing strategy, and the business efficiency which is inherent to the JSW group, the Company will launch a winning brand that will maximise the value proposition to its end users.
Having said that, the Company will be approaching these ambitious plans in a prudent manner and ensure that the balance sheet remains robust. Further, the capex would be incurred in a calibrated manner, subject to meeting key programme milestones per vehicle development process so as to ensure that the projects are implemented with comprehensive risk and return assessment.
Operational Review
In FY 2017-18, JSW Energy’s net generation stood at 21,816 MUs versus 21,631 MUs in the previous year. Despite a slowdown in the demand cycle, the Company could maintain the total income from operations at ` 8,048.96 crore, as against ` 8,263.43 crore in the previous year.
The deemed Plant Load Factor was at 64.53% for FY2017-18 as against 65.57% for FY2016-17.
Plant-wise PLF and Net Generation
Thermal Power Plants
Vijayanagar
Plant load factor: In the year ended March 31, the plant achieved an average PLF of 53.27% as against 58.61% in the previous year.
Total net power generated: 3,703 MUs
Power Sales: Primarily to Karnataka DISCOMS, JSW Steel Ltd and JSW Cement Ltd
Key strengths of the plant
Ratnagiri
Plant load factor: The plant operated at an average deemed PLF of 68.50% in FY2017-18 as against an average deemed PLF of 70.30%in the previous year.
Total net power generated: 6,111 MUs
Power Sales: Primarily to CPP consumers and MSEDCL
Key strengths of the plant
Barmer
Plant load factor: In the FY2017-18, the plant achieved an average deemed PLF of 84.32% as against an average deemed PLF of 84.35% in the previous year.
Total net power generated: 6,140 MUs
Power Sold to: Rajasthan DISCOMS
Key strengths of the plant
Hydro Power Plants
Baspa-II
Plant load factor: The plant achieved an average PLF of 50.86% for the FY2017-18 as against 51.09% in the previous year.
Total net power generated: 1,322 MUs
Power Sold to: Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board (HPSEB)
Key strengths of the plant
Karcham Wangtoo
Plant load factor: The plant achieved an average PLF of 52.18% for the FY2017-18 as against 49.91% in the previous year.
Total power generated: 4,540 MUs
Power Sold to: Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab (commenced in FY2019) through long-term PPA with PTC India Ltd
Key strengths of the plant
Financial Review
Standalone Financial Performance
On the back of increasing raw material cost, lower PLF and exceptional item provisions primarily related to advance provided to Jaiprakash Power Ventures Ltd. (JPVL), the Company’s standalone PAT reduced from ` 194.75 crore in FY2016-17 to loss after tax of ` 444.28 crore in FY2017-18. The EBITDA before exceptional items also declined to ` 1,200.65 crore in FY2017-18 from ` 1,233.82 crore in the previous year.
EBITDA and Profit after Tax (PAT)
Revenue from sales of power has increased on a Year-on-Year basis due to higher sales realisations. In FY2017-18, the sale of power increased to ` 3,986.43 crore from ` 3,823.31 crore in the previous year. The finance lease income has reduced from ` 62.91 crore to ` 59.63 crore due to progressive reduction in finance lease receivables for units falling under embedded lease. Revenue from sale of services has increased from ` 152.78 crore in FY2016-17 to ` 163.24 crore in FY2017-18, due to higher operator fees realised from O&M services.
Revenue from Operations
Other income increased in the current fiscal, primarily on account of higher interest and dividend income.
Other Income
Fuel cost on a Y-o-Y basis has increased primarily due to higher international prices of coal compared to the previous year.
Cost of Fuel
Employee Benefit Expense is lower on a Y-o-Y basis due to reduction in overall headcount. The Company has been able to reduce finance costs primarily due to net reduction in loan liability and refinancing the loan at lower cost.
Expenses
Consolidated Financial Review
A decline in generation and a rise in international coal prices have impacted JSW Energy’s consolidated financial performance besides the provisions related to the advance to JPVL. In FY 2017-18, the Company‘s total Income from operations declined by 2.60% and stood at ` 8,048.96 crore as against ` 8,263.43 crore over the previous year. The Company has earned an EBITDA (before exceptional items) of ` 3,277.56 crore, down by ` 313.80 crore over the previous year primarily due to drop in generation at Vijayanagar and Ratnagiri power plants and increase in international coal prices. This was partly compensated by higher merchant realisation and increase in generation at Barmer plant and Hydro project. The Company earned a Consolidated Profit of ` 77.97 crore during the year as against ` 629.03 crore in the previous year. Its total comprehensive income for the year thus stands at ` 775.09 crore as against ` 1,061.12 crore in the previous year.
The Consolidated Net Worth and Consolidated Net Debt as on March 31, 2018 were ` 11,109.70 crore and ` 11,278.25 crore respectively, resulting in a Net Debt to Equity ratio of 1.0 2 times.
EBITDA and Profit after Tax
Risk Management
The Company has been following the globally recognised Committee of Sponsoring Organisations (COSO) framework of Risk Management to proactively manage risks and opportunities that impact organisational objectives.
The relevant risks are identified, assessed and then responded. The framework provides for:
Power Off-take
Merchant tariffs tend to be volatile, fluctuating with small changes in demand-supply. With the DISCOMS adhering to strict fiscal discipline leading to deferment of power procurement, power demand has taken a hit. Transmission corridor related bottlenecks, especially pertaining to sales to the power deficit southern region has also served as a major dampener.
Response Plan
Fuel
The Company is currently using imported coal from countries like Indonesia, South Africa and Australia. The interruption in supply of coal due to regulatory changes, weather conditions in the sourcing country, strikes by mine workers, and closure of mines due to force-majeure can impact the availability and/or cost of coal.
Response Plan
The Company regularly broadens the sources (countries/ vendors) and maintains the optimum fuel mix and stock level. Further, it is planning to utilise domestic coal in its coal mix at its Vijayanagar and Ratnagiri plants. The required domestic coal is proposed to be obtained through the forward e-Auctions of coal conducted by Coal India from time to time. In this regard, the Company has already secured all necessary approvals from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, to blend upto 50% domestic coal for the Vijayanagar plant and upto 25% for the Ratnagiri plant as well as the consent to operate for the same.
Rupee-dollar Fluctuation
Foreign exchange fluctuations can affect cost of coal and in turn the Company margins.
Response Plan
Prudent hedging strategies to mitigate the risk of foreign exchange fluctuations
Human Resource Management
Creating a new benchmark every year with improved productivity as well as building capability to lead and attain competitive advantage, HR has been at the fulcrum of the business and driving the agenda of the organisation. The year 2017-18 has been exciting with our foray into Electric Vehicle business and Renewable Energy. Linking people, strategy and performance; Human Resources at JSW Energy embarked upon the following HR interventions in the year 2017-18:
Future Fit Leaders
JSW Energy has always laid emphasis on developing and grooming leaders in-house so that Leadership positions are occupied by High Potential talents of the Organisation. Keeping this in view, JSW collaborated with Cornell University; ISB, Hyderabad and IIM, Ahmedabad for imparting Management Development Programmes to these High Potential Talents.
Capability Development
Redeploying internal talent to support our foray into Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy and reskilling them in the new areas was one of the major HR Interventions during the year. Systemic job rotation proved beneficial in meeting the initial requirements of these two new verticals. These were supported by Learning interventions viz. Finance for Non-Finance, Business Communication and MDPs.
Umang
As in the previous years, JSW Energy continued with its efforts on fostering employee inclusion and engagement through various celebrations like month-end birthday celebration, out-bound training programmes, sports and game activities for employees and their families. Besides, there were regular town-hall meetings by senior leadership team with cross-section of employees in all the locations to strengthen the two-way communication.
Total Quality Management
JSW Energy embarked on the journey of Total Quality Management (TQM) by launching various TQM Councils and initiating quality certification programme for all its 800+ Managerial employees with an objective to qualify for Deming award. JSW Energy has launched TQM initiative across all its locations.
Job Rotation & Career Opportunity to Inhouse Talents
As a part of building the organisation and providing opportunities to the employees for growth and development, employees from our different Plant locations have been posted in the upcoming businesses of Electric Vehicles and Solar Power in FY18. The year FY18 witnessed a lot of job rotation at different levels of employees. Internal mobility of our employees has not only helped in spreading best practices across our different locations but also provided exciting opportunities to inhouse talents.
JSW Energy believes in inclusive growth to facilitate creation of a value-based and empowered society through continuous and purposeful engagement with the local communities.
With a strong belief in inclusive growth and engaging communities to achieve equal social and economic opportunities, JSW Energy has been working towards eradicating poverty and hunger, tackling malnutrition, promoting social development, addressing social inequalities by empowering the vulnerable section of society, addressing environmental issues, preserving national heritage and promoting sports training.
JSW Energy is committed to
CSR Framework
The Group’s central CSR body, JSW Foundation, administers the planning and implementation of the Company’s CSR interventions. A separate body has been created for the Company, which is administered by a Committee appointed by the Board. All the CSR initiatives are approved by the Committee and the same are reviewed periodically at different levels.
Taking a note of the importance of synergy and interdependence at different levels, JSW Energy has adopted a number of intervention strategies that combine working with multi-stakeholders as well as directly, depending on the appropriateness. The strategies adopted in this regard are as follows:
Key Highlights
Improving Living Conditions
Vijayanagar
A) Soil and Water Conservation through watershed management in association with ICRISAT (Hyderabad)
B) Health Care
Ratnagiri
A) Agriculture initiatives
B) Health initiatives
Mumbai Corporate
Outcomes
HBPCL Sholtu
RWPL Barmer
Promoting Social Development
Vijayanagar
Ratnagiri
Income Status of SHG’s in 2017-18
C) Education initiatives
D) O P J Centre for Vocational Training – Building skills and entrepreneurship
HBPCL Sholtu
RWPL Barmer
Addressing Environment Concerns
Ratnagiri
HBPCL Sholtu
RWPL Barmer
Preserving National Heritage
RWPL Barmer
Promoting Sports Development
Ratnagiri
With the support of JSW Foundation,
Mumbai Corporate
JSW Sports Boxing Program Achievements
Vikas Krishnan Yadav – (69 kg)
Satish Kumar – (91 kg)
Dheeraj Rangi – (64 kg)
Manisha Moun – (54 kg)
Soonu Poonia – (57 kg)
Astha Pawa – (75 kg)
Niharika Gonella – (75 kg)
Manjeet – (60 kg)
HBPCL Sholtu
Rural Development Projects
Vijayanagar
Ratnagiri
HBPCL Sholtu
RWPL Barmer
Swachh Bharat Mission
Ratnagiri
HBPCL Sholtu
RWPL Barmer
Key Achievements: JAIGAD POWER TRANSCO LIMITED - CHIPLUN
Improving Living Condition
Promoting Social Development
Chiplun JPTL
Addressing Environmental Issues
Chiplun-JP
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Chiplun-JPTL
Rural Development Projects
Chiplun – JPTL
Internal Control Systems and Audit
Overview
A robust system of internal control, commensurate with the size and nature of its business, forms an integral part of the Company’s corporate governance policies
Internal Control
The Company has a proper and adequate system of internal control commensurate with the size and nature of its business. Internal control systems are an integral part of JSW Energy’s corporate governance structure. Some significant features of the internal control systems are:
The internal control systems and procedures are designed to assist in the identification and management of risks, the procedure-led verification of all compliances as well as an enhanced control consciousness.
Internal Audit
JSW Energy has an internal audit function that inculcates global best standards and practices of international majors into the Indian operations. The Company has a strong internal audit department that reports to the Audit Committee comprising Independent/Nominee Directors who are experts in their respective fields. The Company successfully integrated the COSO framework with its audit process to enhance the quality of its financial reporting, compatible with business ethics, effective controls and governance.
The Company extensively practices delegation of authority across its team, which creates effective checks and balances within the system to arrest all possible gaps within the system. The internal audit team has access to all information in the organisation which has been largely facilitated by the ERP implementation across the organisation.
Audit Plan and Execution
The Internal Audit department prepares a risk-based Audit Plan and the frequency of audit is decided based on the risk ratings of the respective areas/functions. The Audit plan is approved by the Audit Committee and executed by the internal team. It is reviewed periodically to include areas which have assumed significance in line with emerging industry trends and aggressive growth of the Company. In addition, the Audit Committee also places reliance on internal customer feedback and other external events for inclusion of additional areas into the audit plan.
Internal Financial Controls
As per Section 134(5)(e) of the Companies Act 2013, the Directors have an overall responsibility for ensuring that the Company has implemented robust system and framework of Internal Financial Controls. This provides the Directors with reasonable assurance regarding the adequacy and operating effectiveness of controls with regards to reporting, and operational and compliance risks. The Company has devised appropriate systems and framework including proper delegation of authority, policies and procedures, effective IT systems aligned to business requirements, risk based internal audits, risk management framework and whistle blower mechanism.
The Company had already developed and implemented a framework for ensuring internal controls over financial reporting. This framework includes entity level policies, processes and operating level standard operating procedures.
The entity level policies includes anti-fraud policies (like code of conduct, conflict of interest, confidentiality and whistle blower policy) and other policies (like organisation structure, insider trading policy, HR policy, IT security policy, treasury policy and business continuity, and disaster recovery plan). The Company has also prepared Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for each of its processes like procure to pay, order to cash, hire to retire, treasury, fixed assets, inventory, manufacturing operations etc.
During the year, controls were tested and no reportable material weaknesses in design and effectiveness was observed.